Ablative laser therapy has unique role in successful management of patients with Hailey–Hailey disease, reveals study

Researchers have demonstrated that a single treatment with Er laser will lead to long-term remission from Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD), an extremely rare genetic skin disorder. A recent study was published in the Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. The study was conducted by Debeuf and colleagues.

Hailey-Hailey disease is due to abnormal adhesion of skin cells. It leads to blistering and plaques mainly in the folds of the skin. Present therapies, including topical steroids and other drugs, are often incomplete treatments. Recent investigations have evaluated ablative Er lasers as a novel therapy for HHD. This study was intended to evaluate the remission efficacy of Er-laser therapy on HHD plaques and improvements in QoL following the treatment.

Eight HHD patients received a total of 77 erosive plaques in a single Er laser treatment. Clinical responses of plaques were monitored during a median follow-up of 38 months after treatment, at baseline, six weeks post-treatment, and three years later. Quality of life was assessed using Skindex-29 and DLQI (Dermatology Life Quality Index) questionnaires. Structural changes were assessed by the skin biopsies pre- and post-treatment, compared with that of clinically unaffected skin and healthy controls in terms of intercellular spacing, desmosome count, and keratin filament configuration.

This research study established excellent rates of remission and significant quality-of-life improvement in patients as follows:

  • Treated plaques from 97.4% (75 of 77) showed complete remission after a median follow-up of 38 months, suggesting a likelihood for long-term resolution following a single session of Er laser treatment.

  • Both Skindex-29 and DLQI scores improved dramatically and the patients have reduced symptom burden and increased capabilities for daily activities.

  • Posttreatment biopsies revealed normalization of the skin structure, including increased desmosomes, reduced intercellular distance, and restoration of keratin filament organization to close to that seen in healthy skin.

  • The treated skin contained a much fewer number of abnormalities than was observed in untreated HHD skin samples and closely resembled samples of healthy controls .

Er:YAG laser treatment provides significant and long-lasting remission for Hailey–Hailey disease and significantly improves the patient’s quality of life. It supports the role of ablative laser treatment in a more vital role in managing this challenging condition.

Reference:

Debeuf, M.-E. P. H., Knoops, K., López-Iglesias, C., Lookermans, E., Nelemans, P. J., Abdul Hamid, M., van Geel, M., Gostynski, A. H., Steijlen, P. M., Bolling, M. C., & Verstraeten, V. L. R. M. (2024). Long‐term remission of Hailey–Hailey disease by Er:YAG ablative laser therapy. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology: JEADV. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.20351

Powered by WPeMatico

Submit preclinical data in animal and Phase I CT data: CDSCO Panel Tells IQVIA on Pembrolizumab study

New Delhi: After reviewing the Phase I/III clinical study protocol of the anti-cancer drug Pembrolizumab, the Subject Expert Committee (SEC) functional under the Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) has opined IQVIA RDS (India) to submit preclinical study data in animals, Phase-I complete study data including all pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity data.

This came after IQVIA RDS (India) presented phase I/III clinical study protocol no:BAT-3306-002-CR, Version:1.0, dated 19 Dec 2023.

Pembrolizumab is a type of targeted therapy drug called an immune checkpoint inhibitor (a type of immunotherapy). It is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the protein PD-1 on the surface of immune cells called T cells

Pembrolizumab binds to the PD-1 receptor on T cells, preventing the PD-1 receptor from binding to its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. This allows T cells to function normally and attack cancer cells.

At the recent SEC meeting for Oncology held on 9th October 2024, the expert panel reviewed the phase I/III clinical study protocol no:BAT-3306-002-CR, Version:1.0, dated 19 Dec 2023.

After detailed deliberation, the committee opined that the firm should submit preclinical study data in animals, and Phase-I complete study data including all pharmacokinetic and immunogenicity data for further review by the committee.

Also Read: CDSCO prioritizes transparency, digitizes more than 95% regulatory processes

Powered by WPeMatico

Pure and Cure Healthcare Gets CDSCO Panel Nod To study Pregabalin, Duloxetine, Methylcobalamin FDC

New Delhi: Pure and Cure Healthcare has got approval from the Subject Expert Committee (SEC) functional under the Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) to conduct the bioequivalence study and Phase III clinical trial study of the fixed-dose combination (FDC) of Pregabalin (as granules) plus Duloxetine Hydrochloride (as delayed-release pellets) plus Methylcobalamin (as granules).

This came after the firm presented the proposal along with the bioequivalence (BE) study and Phase III clinical trial protocol.

Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant drug used to treat neuropathic pain conditions and fibromyalgia and for the treatment of partial onset seizures in combination with other anticonvulsants. Pregabalin is structurally similar to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter. It may be used to manage neuropathic pain, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia, among other conditions. Although, as per the FDA, the mechanism of action has not been definitively characterized, there is evidence that pregabalin exerts its effects by binding to the α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels.

Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, neuropathic pain, osteoarthritis, and stress incontinence.

Methylcobalamin (MeCbl), the activated form of vitamin B12, has been used to treat some nutritional diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and rheumatoid arthritis. As an auxiliary agent, it exerts neuronal protection by promoting regeneration of injured nerves and antagonizing glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Recently, several lines of evidence demonstrated that MeCbl may have potential analgesic effects in experimental and clinical studies. MeCbl improved nerve conduction, promoted the regeneration of injured nerves, and inhibited ectopic spontaneous discharges of injured primary sensory neurons.

At the recent SEC meeting for neurology and psychiatry held on October 16, 2024, the expert panel reviewed the proposal along with the BE study and Phase III clinical trial protocol.

After detailed deliberation, the committee recommended the grant of permission to conduct the proposed BE study and Phase III clinical trial study with the condition that the BE study report should be presented in the SEC meeting before initiating the Phase III clinical trial.

Also Read: AstraZeneca Gets CDSCO Panels Nod to study anticancer drug AZD0901

Powered by WPeMatico

MP: Pregnant woman allegedly forced to clean blood-stained bed after husband’s death, video sparks outrage

Dindori: In a shocking incident, a pregnant woman in Madhya Pradesh’s Dinshori district was allegedly made to clean the blood from the hospital bed where her husband died following a shooting incident. A video of the incident has gone viral on social media, sparking widespread outrage. 

The viral video circulating on social media shows a grieving woman being instructed by hospital staff to allegedly clean the blood-stained bed where her husband died. While a nurse guided her, the woman, holding a blood-stained cloth in one hand, was seen using tissues to wipe down the entire surface, drawing significant public attention.

Also Read: Man shot inside private nursing home in Bihar, sustains critical injuries

Meanwhile, hospital authorities justified the situation by stating that she was asked to clean the surface to collect evidence.  

The death of her husband was the result of a long-standing land dispute. According to reports, on Thursday, four men—a father and his three sons were shot in Lalpur village in the tribal-dominated Dindori district.  

Tragically, following this shooting, the father and his one son died at the scene while another son, Shivraj, was rushed to the Gadasarai Health Centre. Despite medical efforts, Shivraj succumbed to his injuries and died at the hospital.

The video went viral, showing that after Shivraj’s tragic death, his wife was asked to clean the blood from the bed. Dr Chandrashekhar Tekam, a doctor at the Gadasarai Health Centre has argued that staff was present at the hospital when it occurred and according to him that the woman was not asked to clean the surface.

Also Read: Two arrested for shooting at Gynaecologist in Karnataka

As per the recent media report by NDTV, “The men were shot at during a land dispute on Thursday and two of them were brought to our facility. The wife of the man who died asked us to let her wipe the blood from the bed with a cloth so she could use it as evidence of the extent of the bleeding. She was not asked to clean the bed. I have not received any complaint from the woman or her family,” he said.

The Gadasarai police have registered a case against seven accused individuals on multiple charges, including murder. Further investigation into the shooting is underway, and while a few suspects have already been taken into custody, efforts continue to apprehend the remaining accused.

Powered by WPeMatico

4 Rheumatologists, Scientists earn global recognition in Standford University 2024 list of World’s Top 2% Scientists

New Delhi: Altogether four renowned rheumatologists and scientists from various prestigious health and medical institutes across India have been recognised among the world’s top 2% of scientists in the prestigious database curated by Professor John P.A. Ioannidis of Stanford University, in collaboration with the Elsevier Data Repository. This honour acknowledges their pioneering research, clinical achievements, and consistent impact on the field. 

The database of Stanford University for the year 2024 of top-cited scientists provides standardized information on citations, h-index, co-authorship adjusted hm-index, citations to papers in different authorship positions and a composite indicator (c-score). The selection is based on the top 100,000 scientists by c-score (with and without self-citations) or a 2% or above percentile rank in the sub-field.

The following are the details of the Indian rheumatologists and scientists included in Stanford University’s 2024 list:

Dr Arvind Chopra

Dr Arvind Chopra is a Director & Chief Rheumatologist of the Center for Rheumatic Diseases Pune. He is best known for the WHO ILAR COPCORD (Community-oriented programme for control of rheumatic diseases) population surveys and is skilled in Clinical Epidemiology, Public Speaking, Healthcare Management, Rheumatology & allied disciplines and Clinical Research. 

Dr Arvind holds a rank of 1,08,356 in the list based on the composite score excluding self-citations, and 1,11,329 when all citations are included. By the end of 2023, his h-index, excluding self-citations, stands at 8, with a total of 334 citations for the year, also excluding self-citations.

Also read- 7 Indian Anesthesiologists, Scientists earn recognition in Standford University 2024 list of World’s Top 2% Scientists

Published 130 plus, several original research, Dr Chopra holds a post-graduation MD in internal medicine, a fellowship in medicine with Royal College Physicians London and a fellow with the American College of Rheumatology. A medical graduate and postgraduate from Armed Forces Medical College Pune. Strong premedical training from DAV Inter College, and Cambrian Hall School, Dehra Dun.

Recipient of Lifetime Achievement Award for outstanding contributions to Medicine and Society on ‘Vijaya Diwas’ (National Armed Forces Victory Day) by the Karad (District) Civic Administration, 25th Prof PK Devi Memorial Oration Award 2016 (instituted by Kasturba Health Society-Medical Research Centre), Mumbai, Excellence in Integrative Medicine Research Award among others. 

Prof Durga Prasanna Misra 

Dr Durga Prasanna Misra is a researcher and an Associate Professor at the Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences. His areas of research interest include vasculitis (particularly Takayasu arteritis), endothelial biology and cardiovascular risk in rheumatic diseases, epidemiology of rheumatic diseases, as well as scientific writing and editing. He has received extramural research support from the Indian Rheumatology Association, the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and the Indian Council of Medical Research.

He completed his undergraduate medical training at Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, where he was the recipient of numerous awards (9 institute medals/ prizes, including Dr. S. Lakshmanan Memorial Endowment Prize for Best Student of Pre-final year M.B.B.S Course and Dr. V. Murali Memorial Endowment Prize in Medicine) and secured distinction in 11 subjects. Subsequently, after completing postgraduate training in General Medicine at Sriram Chandra Bhanja (SCB) Medical College, Cuttack, and senior residency in Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology at AIIMS, New Delhi, he completed his DM in Clinical Immunology from SGPGIMS, Lucknow.

As per the list, Prof Durga holds a rank of 1,44,264 in the list based on the composite score excluding self-citations, and 75,797 when all citations are included. By the end of 2023, his h-index, excluding self-citations, stands at 9, with altogether 474 citations for 2023 (excluding self-citations).

He has published more than 150 papers in peer reviewed journals and more than 10 textbook chapters. He serves as an Associate Editor for Rheumatology International, Indian Journal of Rheumatology and the Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. He has delivered invited lectures and conducted numerous workshops on scientificwriting, editing and publishing at the national as well as international stage. He is the recipient of numerous awards, including the Indian Rheumatology Association Young Rheumatologist Oration 2019, Best Peer reviewer from Rheumatology International, Journal of Korean Medical Science, and International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases, Publons Peer Review Award from 2017 to 2019, and Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (FRCP Edin) in 2019.

Dr Amita Aggarwal

Dr Amita is a Professor and Head of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology at the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute, Lucknow, India. She has completed her medical education at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. She subsequently trained in Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology at SGPGI, Lucknow, Later, she trained at Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Center’s for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA and Oklahoma University Hospital, Oklahoma, USA in Immunology & Rheumatology.

She is a clinician scientist, with major interest in Juvenile arthritis and SLE. She has set up a multi-institutional lupus network in India. In addition, she has taught a generation of physicians working in the field of rheumatology. In recognition of her work, she has been elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Science, the National Academy of Science as well as National Academy of Medical Sciences. She has also served as the President of the Indian Rheumatology Association as well as editor of the Indian Journal of Rheumatology.

As of the end of 2023, Dr Amita ranked 1,79,673 based on the composite score without self-citations, and 1,58,254 when including all citations. His h-index, excluding self-citations, reached 8, with 577 total citations in 2023, also excluding self-citations. 

Dr Aman Sharma

Well known professor of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Services at the Department of Internal Medicine at Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, Dr Aman has been working in the field of Rheumatology for more than two decades and has established himself as an international expert in the field of rare rheumatological diseases like Systemic Vasculitis and Relapsing Polychondritis.

He was invited to visit the NIH by Dr Peter Grayson, Director NIH Vasculitis program. Dr Aman was also invited to deliver the NIAMS (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases), National Institute of Health USA Rheumatology Grand rounds on “Exciting world of vasculitis and Relapsing Polychondritis: care and clinical research’. 

He is also the Editor in Chief of the Indian Journal of Rheumatology (the official, peer-reviewed publication of the Indian Rheumatology Association, and Associate Editor of International Journal of Rheumatic diseases(official journal of the Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology) and Frontier in Medicine(Rheumatology).

He is on the editorial board of various other international journals and served as peer reviews of various major international journals like NEJM, Lancet, Annals of Rheumatic diseases and Arthritis and Rheumatology etc. He is also the current Honorary Secretary of Indian Rheumatology Association. He was instrumental in starting the DM Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Program at PGIMER, Chandigarh.

As per the list, Dr Aman holds a rank of 1,88,874 in the list based on the composite score excluding self-citations, and 1,43,918 when all citations are included. By the end of 2023, his h-index, excluding self-citations, stands at 12, with altogether 862 citations for 2023 (excluding self-citations).

Also read- 13 Gynaecologists, Scientists earn global recognition in Standford University 2024 list of World’s Top 2% Scientists

Powered by WPeMatico

CPS courses on Ventilator? 1500 doctors move DMER seeking clarity

Mumbai: Even though the National Medical Commission (NMC) has withdrawn its earlier notice discontinuing the PG medical courses offered by the College of Physicians and Surgeons (CPS),  the admission process for the CPS courses seems to be on ventilator as the candidates are now running pillar to post seeking clarity.

Although the registration process was completed in July, admission to these courses remains stalled. As per the recent report Indian Express, raising the issue, more than 1500 CPS aspirants, who have already registered for the admission process, have written to the Directorate of Medical Education and Research (DMER), which conducts the admissions, and demanded clarity on this issue. 

They have further complained to the authorities that despite paying Rs 3000 as registration fee, they have no idea regarding the admission schedule and they are also unaware if they would get any refund of the fees paid by them.

Also Read: NMC discontinues CPS Mumbai courses, warns hospitals, students

One such candidate, who wrote to the DMER, told Indian Express, “This is the admission process of the academic year 2023-24, which is already delayed due to various issues. We were hopeful as the registration process had started indicating that admissions for CPS courses have finally commenced. But since the registration process concluded on July 13 this year, there is no update thereafter.”

Medical Dialogues had earlier reported that after discontinuing the CPS courses, the National Medical Commission (NMC) withdrew its decision. The Apex Medical Commission had withdrawn its notice announcing the discontinuation of all the CPS courses after an order was issued in this regard by the Bombay High Court.

Commenting on the halted admission process, one of the aspirants told Indian Express, “Following registration, a State Merit List (SML) is declared and then starts the process of choice filling wherein candidates provide their choices of courses in preference order. At the beginning of the process, the information brochure for admission to CPS courses stated that the choice-filling will be possible at the time of registration. But registration did not include the choice-filling. If there was no clarity on admissions, the registration should not have started. Now, all of us who registered for admissions are left in a limbo. If they are not going to conduct admissions, they should refund the registration-fee.”

A senior officer from the DMER also confirmed that the admissions are currently on hold. Confirming this, the officer said, “We are waiting for directives regarding CPS admissions from Bombay High Court and the government.”

The CPS Controversy: 

Around 450 PG medical seats are offered under various courses run by CPS. Established in 1912, CPS Mumbai is an autonomous body that imparts Postgraduate medical education and offers fellowship, diploma, and certificate courses for medical professionals. For the Diploma courses, the tenure is two years; in case of Fellowship, the tenure is three years. After obtaining the qualification granted by CPS Mumbai, the practitioners are allowed to register themselves as specialists in the concerned speciality.

CPS courses have been facing major controversies for a long time. Medical Dialogues had earlier reported that referring to significant gaps in the standards or institutes offering CPS courses, the medical education department of Maharashtra previously wrote to the Union Health Ministry asking for its opinion on whether counselling can be conducted for around 1,100 CPS seats.

Writing to the Centre, the department referred to the inspection of the Maharashtra Medical Council conducted last year and how during the inspection, MMC had found “severe deficiencies” in several institutes. The Central Government has also set up an eight-member committee to look into the matter.

The controversy continued further and then the Postgraduate Medical Education Board (PGMEB) of the National Medical Commission (NMC) recommended to the Union Health Ministry to withdraw the popular DPB- Diploma in Pathology and Bacteriology, DCH – Diploma in Child Health and DGO- Diploma Gynecology and Obstetrics courses run by CPS from the next academic year.

After NMC, the National Board of Examinations (NBE) also offered rejection to the CPS courses by refusing to bring them under the aegis of the NBE. Moreover, States including Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Karnataka were reportedly considering decreasing the intake for the CPS courses or discontinuing them.

Last year, the Maharashtra Government then de-recognised the courses offered by CPS and asked the medical institutes and hospitals not to admit students for any of the 26 diplomas or fellowships offered by CPS, Mumbai.

Ultimately the matter reached the Court and filing a plea, CPS argued that 10 courses which were recognised under NMC Act 2019 cannot be de-recognised by the State. Thereafter, in December 2023, the State filed an affidavit in the Bombay HC and stated that it would review its decision.

Then opposing the CPS’s plea, which challenged the State Government’s decision to de-recognise the CPS courses, former MMC member Dr. Suhas Pingle had approached the Bombay HC. However, this year, Maharashtra Medical Education Department issued a gazette notification on March 15 reintroducing the 10 CPS courses dermatology, midwifery and gynaecology, gynaecology, pathology, surgery, medicine, ophthalmology and diploma courses in gynaecology and obstetrics, pathology and bacteriology, and child health.

Earlier this year, challenging the three notifications that allowed the institute to continue its 19 medical courses, the former president of the Maharashtra branch of the Indian Medical Association (IMA) and a former member of the Maharashtra Medical Council (MMC) approached the Bombay High Court.

In August 2024, NMC through a public notice discontinued the PG medical courses run by CPS. In its notice, the apex medical commission pointed out that in reply to its show cause notice for not complying with the norms laid down by the erstwhile Medical Council of India (MCI), now NMC, the institute acknowledged itself as an exam body similar to the National Board of Examination of Medical Sciences- NBE with the authority to give medical qualification.

Previously, writing to the Union Health Ministry on 05.07.2024, the NMC reiterated its stand regarding the PG medical courses run by the CPS Mumbai, and urged the Union Health Ministry to ban those courses. The Postgraduate Medical Education Board (PGMEB) stated that “there should be no admission to the PG medical courses run by CPS, Mumbai in the State of Maharashtra as well as other States/UTs.”

The Commission had referred to the inspection conducted at the CPS institutes by the Maharashtra Medical Council (MMC), which had earlier concluded that admitting students to such institutes would be detrimental to the career of the students and would also affect the health system.

Also Read: NMC withdraws Notice on discontinuation of CPS Mumbai courses

Powered by WPeMatico

Rajkot doctor put under digital arrest for 2 days, duped of Rs 22.82 in terror funding scam

Rajkot: A regular day turned into a nightmare for a doctor at Rajkot Civil Hospital, after he fell victim to terror financing and money laundering scam. The fraudsters, posing as Reserve Bank of India officials allegedly accused him of financially supporting Hezbollah, a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. For the past two days, they held the doctor under a ‘digital arrest,’ manipulating him into transferring Rs 22.82 lakh across multiple accounts to clear his name.

The alleged scam began in August when the doctor worked at GMERS Medical College in Junagadh. He received a call from a man who identified himself as a Reserve Bank of India (RBI) representative. 

Speaking in Hindi, the caller accused the doctor of an unpaid Rs 1 lakh credit card bill. The caller claimed that the bank had registered a complaint against him and that his account would be frozen if he failed to repay the amount.

Also read- Digital Arrest: How Doctors are becoming soft targets

However, the doctor denied his claim and the scam started to take a twist when the caller connected him with a man posing as a Hyderabad police officer. The accused police officer claimed that the doctor’s bank account had been allegedly providing funds to Hezbollah. He allegedly linked the doctor’s account to terror financing and money laundering. 

According to the police officer, the doctor’s name came to light when they arrested a man in a money laundering case in Hyderabad and found the doctor’s bank and card details during the raid. The man claimed that the doctor was under the scanner and had to get a NOC to clear his name. 

Further, he told the doctor he needed to acquire an NOC to avoid criminal charges and provide full cooperation. To do so, he instructed the doctor to record a video statement with a CBI officer.  

Shortly after, the doctor received a video call from another scammer claiming to be a Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) officer who refused to show his face. The scammer sent photographs of an ID card, an arrest warrant and a police complaint against the doctor to the latter’s WhatsApp number warning him of a 45-day jail sentence if he failed to cooperate.  

Falling into the trap under pressure, the doctor shared personal information, including his Aadhaar number, PAN card, and bank account details. He transferred the money through 35 transactions in a week.

After realising that he was scammed, the doctor approached the Junagadh Cybercrime police and registered a complaint under relevant sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act.

Speaking to TOI, a police officer investigating the case said, “The doctor allegedly gave him details of his Aadhaar card, PAN card and bank account details. He was forced to sit before the video call for two days and buy cryptocurrency. He was also asked to deposit money in various bank accounts to prove his innocence. Dr Javiya transferred Rs 22.82 lakh through 35 transactions in a week.”

Also read- Mumbai Medical College Dean put under digital house arrest, duped of Rs 48.28 lakh

Powered by WPeMatico

Medical Bulletin 02/ November/ 2024

Here are the top medical news for the day:

Placenta’s Unexpected Influence on Maternal Mental Health: Study Finds
Professor Clifton’s team at the Mater Research Institute-University has identified 13 distinct glucocorticoid receptor isoforms in the placenta, with one particular variant showing a surprising response to maternal stress. In a revealing Genomic Press Interview published in Brain Medicine, Professor Vicki Clifton shares transformative discoveries about the placenta’s unexpected influence on maternal mental health, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of pregnancy-related anxiety and depression.
“We have discovered that the placenta has 13 different isoforms of the glucocorticoid receptor, with one isoform expressed in the presence of maternal stress, anxiety, and depression that activates an inflammatory response in the placenta in the presence of high cortisol concentrations,” Professor Clifton explains.
This groundbreaking finding challenges conventional understanding of stress responses during pregnancy. While most glucocorticoid receptors typically suppress inflammation, this newly identified variant appears to enhance it, potentially explaining the complex relationship between stress and inflammation in pregnant women.
Professor Clifton’s research has unveiled crucial differences between male and female fetuses, mediated through sex-specific placental functions. Her work suggests that maternal physiology varies depending on fetal sex, opening new possibilities for personalized interventions in pregnancy care.
Reference: https://url.genomicpress.com/mr3ey5p7
Genetic Signature May Predict Neonatal Sepsis Early
A genetic signature in newborns can predict neonatal sepsis before symptoms even start to show, according to a new study. The study, led by UBC and SFU researchers in collaboration with the Medical Research Council (MRC) Unit The Gambia, has the potential to help healthcare workers diagnose babies earlier, including in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where neonatal sepsis is of particular concern. The research, published in eBiomedicine.
Diagnosing sepsis is challenging for doctors and families. The symptoms can look like many other illnesses, and tests to check if sepsis is present can take several days, aren’t always accurate, and are largely only available in hospitals. The uncertainty can delay urgent treatment with antibiotics.
The researchers participated in a large study in The Gambia where blood samples were taken from 720 infants at birth. Out of this cohort, 15 babies developed early-onset sepsis. The researchers used machine learning to map the expression of genes active at birth, in search of biological markers that could predict sepsis.
“We found four genes that, when combined in a ‘signature’, could accurately predict sepsis in newborns nine times out of 10,” said co-senior author Dr. Amy Lee, assistant professor in the SFU department of molecular biology and biochemistry. “This was a unique opportunity where samples were available from all babies in this cohort on the day of birth, meaning we could study the genes expressed in the sepsis babies before they got sick. Most other studies have only published markers that were present when the babies were already ill, and this would therefore not be a predictive signature.” The researchers hope the signature will one day be incorporated not only into PCR tests in hospitals, but also in portable, point-of-care devices.
Reference: Andy Y. An, Erica Acton, Olubukola T. Idoko, Casey P. Shannon, Travis M. Blimkie et al. Predictive gene expression signature diagnoses neonatal sepsis before clinical presentation, eBioMedicine, 2024, 105411, ISSN 2352-3964, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105411.
Predicting Psychosis Risk? Childhood Attention and Genetic Makeup May Play a Role
Researchers at UCLA Health have found that a person’s risk of developing psychotic-like experiences may be influenced by both childhood attention problems and their genetic makeup. The findings, published in Nature Mental Health, build upon a long-studied association between childhood attention problems and the likelihood of later developing schizophrenia. Using data from about 10,000 children over six years, UCLA researchers led by Dr. Carrie Bearden sought to determine how attentional variability influenced the risk of broader psychotic-like symptoms as children grow into adolescence.
Specifically, the team looked at how the youths’ risk for psychotic-like experiences varied based on their attention span and genetic variants that may predispose them to different neuropsychiatric conditions.
The researchers found:
A higher genetic risk for a broad set of neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders was associated with greater severity of psychotic like experiences and greater attention issues.
Additionally, attention span variability partially acted as an intermediate between the relationships between genetic risk for neuropsychiatric disorders and the expression of psychotic-like symptoms. Attention span issues explained 4-16% of these associations.
While the majority of youth who experience psychotic-like symptoms will not go on to develop schizophrenia, these events do increase the likelihood for future psychotic disorders and mental illness. The study used cognitive, brain and genetic data from more than 10,000 participants in the ongoing Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The study, led by a national consortium of research institutes including UCLA Health, is examining brain development in nearly 12,000 youth starting at age 9 and followed over the next decade into their early adulthood.
Reference: https://www.uclahealth.org/news/release/childhood-attention-issues-and-genetic-factors-may-predict

Powered by WPeMatico

Fact Check: Can black pepper Be used for anemia?

 

Claim

A Pinterest post titled, “ Black Pepper Health Benefits”, claims that, “black pepper can be used for anemia.” In the post, the user Deena Barger states, “Black pepper, one of the most ancient and prolifically traded of spices, having been employed for culinary and medicinal use, such as for, colds, nasal congestion, diarrhea, anemia, improve blood circulation, heart and lung tonic, halitosis and relieve toothache, indigestion remedy, anti-inflammatory, cholera and syphilis, mild to moderate stomach complaints, hoarseness of voice and sore throat, gingivitis, minor cuts and bruises, rinse for wounds, helps to prevent or delay food spoilage.” Amongst other claims, the post claims that black pepper can be used for anemia. The post can be accessed here.

Fact Check

This claim by Pinterest user to use black pepper for anemia is Misleading. Piperine found in black pepper may aid iron absorption but to say that it is to be used for anaemia would be an over-exaggeration of its role in the treatment of anaemia and may mislead people from staying from more scientific and effective treatments 

What is Anemia? 

As per WHO, “Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the hemoglobin concentration within them is lower than normal.” Anemia may be caused due to several factors nutrient deficiencies through inadequate diets or inadequate absorption of nutrients, infections (e.g. malaria, parasitic infections, tuberculosis, HIV), inflammation, chronic diseases, gynecological and obstetric conditions, and inherited red blood cell disorders. The most common nutritional cause of anemia is iron deficiency, although deficiencies in folate, vitamins B12 and A are also important causes. 

The most common types of anemia include Iron deficiency anemia, which is the most prevalent form of anemia, resulting from insufficient iron levels in the blood. Another form includes Vitamin B12–deficiency anemia, or cobalamin deficiency, which arises when the body lacks enough vitamin B12 to produce healthy red blood cells. There is also Hemolytic anemia is characterized by the rapid destruction of red blood cells, outpacing their replacement. There are several uncommon types of anemia which include Aplastic anemia, Hemolytic anemia, Sickle cell anemia and Anemia caused by other diseases. 

Dr. Smriti Uppal, MBBS, MD, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Smriti Maternity Home, Delhi explained, “Anemia is a condition where the body lacks sufficient red blood cells or hemoglobin, which are essential for transporting oxygen to tissues. It can cause fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and pale skin. Common types include iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency anemia, and hemolytic anemia, among others. Treatment varies depending on the cause and may include iron supplements, vitamin B12 or folate, or other medical interventions. Proper diagnosis through blood tests is crucial to identify the type and cause, enabling effective treatment and management of the condition.”

Health Benefits of Black Pepper

Black pepper (Piper nigrum), known as the “King of spices,” is not only valued for enhancing flavor but also for its numerous medicinal properties. Rich in bioactive compounds like piperine, it offers antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hypolipidemic effects. Studies have shown its potential to fight infections and reduce oxidative stress. Black pepper also possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective properties.

Dr Divya Tripathi, Assistant Professor, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies said “As a versatile spice, black pepper offers several nutritional benefits. It is rich in antioxidants, particularly piperine, which can help combat free radicals and reduce inflammation. Black pepper also aids digestion by stimulating the production of digestive enzymes and enhances the absorption of essential nutrients like vitamins B and C, selenium, and beta-carotene. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that can support immune function. Incorporating black pepper into your diet is an easy way to boost flavor and nutritional value.”

Can black pepper Be used for Anemia?

Black pepper can play a supportive role in the treatment of anemia as the Piperine found in black pepper may enhance iron absorption. However, it is important to note that black pepper it isn’t a stand-alone treatment for anemia. 

A study published in Nutrients found that piperine found in black pepper may enhance iron absorption due to its bioavailability-promoting properties. The combination of iron and black pepper was associated with improved iron metabolism indicators and showed no adverse effects. However, high doses of piperine were linked to gastrointestinal side effects, indicating the need for further research.

A study conducted by Somesh Banerjee et. al. highlights the potential of black pepper as a promising therapeutic option for managing inflammation-related anemia.

The study conducted by Diego Fernández-Lázaro et. al. identified that Bioperine, derived from black pepper and used as a natural bioavailability enhancer, could potentially serve as a beneficial iron supplement for athletes, enhancing hematological parameters.

While piperine in black pepper can boost iron absorption due to its bioavailability, it cannot treat anemia on its own. Additionally, excessive consumption of black pepper may lead to gastrointestinal side effects.

Responding to the claim Dr Tilottama, MBBS, MD (Preventive Medicine), Consultant Medicine, Sanjeevan Hospital said, “Black pepper alone cannot treat anemia but can enhance iron absorption when added to meals. Piperine, the active compound in black pepper, improves the bioavailability of nutrients, including iron, helping the body absorb it more efficiently. Incorporating black pepper with iron-rich foods like spinach, lentils, beans, and lean meats can be beneficial. Pairing these with vitamin C-rich foods, such as citrus fruits or bell peppers, can further boost iron absorption. While black pepper can be part of an anemia-friendly diet, it is essential to consult a doctor for treatment and management of anemia.”

Dr. Smriti Uppal, MBBS, MD, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, Smriti Maternity Home, Delhi further explained, “While black pepper is not a treatment for anemia, it can support iron absorption when used in conjunction with iron-rich foods. Black pepper contains piperine, which enhances the bioavailability of nutrients, including iron, making it easier for the body to absorb and aids in the absorption of nutrients from our diet and also helps in the proper digestion of food in the stomach by aiding the production of the digestive juices of the stomach. So, black pepper just has a role in increasing the bioavailability of iron like other nutrients and is not a part of the treatment of anemia. Individuals with anemia should focus on consuming iron-rich foods like leafy greens, beans, or lean meats. Always consult a doctor for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment plan for anemia.”

Medical Dialogues Final Take

While black pepper contains a small amount of iron and can enhance iron absorption from other foods due to its piperine content, it is not effective enough to be considered a primary treatment for anemia. Anemia generally requires more substantial sources of iron, like red meat, legumes, and leafy greens, or iron supplements as recommended by a healthcare provider. Relying solely on black pepper may delay proper treatment and worsen the condition.

Hence, the claim is MISLEADING.

Powered by WPeMatico

UP to invest over Rs 77 crore to boost health facilities at Mahakumbh

New Delhi: In a move to ensure the health and well-being of devotees attending the Mahakumbh in Prayagraj, the Uttar Pradesh government is investing over Rs 77.5 crore to provide essential medical care. 
The government has directed its officials to finalise by December 15 all healthcare preparations for the religious fair, scheduled in January, the release said. 
The Health Department has established provisions for advanced medical services, including X-ray, MRI, and laboratory tests for attendees, the release said.
According to the PTI report, with a capacity to handle up to 10 lakh OPD (outpatient department) visits and 10,000 inpatient department (IPD) admissions, hi-tech temporary hospitals are being constructed to address any medical needs, it said.
A team of doctors from AIIMS Raebareli will also be present to provide medical care to the devotees, the government added.
V K Mishra, Joint Director of Medical Health in Prayagraj, said the Health Department is working hard to ensure everything is ready for the Mahakumbh, following instructions from Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath. A dedicated team of officials is working round the clock to prevent any health issues for the devotees.
To support this effort, a 100-bed hospital is being set up at the Parade Ground, and all necessary testing facilities will be available for the attendees. The goal is to accommodate up to 10 lakh outpatient visits (OPD) and 10,000 inpatient admissions (IPD), Mishra said in the release.
A team of doctors from AIIMS Raebareli will also be present to provide medical care to the devotees, the government added.
V K Mishra, Joint Director of Medical Health in Prayagraj, said the Health Department is working hard to ensure everything is ready for the Mahakumbh, following instructions from Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath. A dedicated team of officials is working round the clock to prevent any health issues for the devotees.
To support this effort, a 100-bed hospital is being set up at the Parade Ground, and all necessary testing facilities will be available for the attendees. The goal is to accommodate up to 10 lakh outpatient visits (OPD) and 10,000 inpatient admissions (IPD), Mishra said in the release.
Major hospitals in the area are also being upgraded to ensure that the large number of devotees can access the care they need without any hassle, he added.

Powered by WPeMatico