Albumin Administration in Severe Burns fails to Improve survival: Study

A recent study assessed the effect of albumin administration on mortality rates in patients with severe burns from the dataset of the Diagnosis Procedure Combination Database in Japan. Severe burns often lead to significant fluid loss which necessitates careful fluid resuscitation to maintain hemodynamic stability. Albumin is sometimes administered in these cases to help restore blood volume and improve patient outcomes.

The study spanned from April 2014 to March 2021 and focused on patients the aged 15 years and older who were admitted with severe burns which was defined by a burn index of 15 or more. The study categorized 2,492 eligible patients into two groups, one group who received albumin within the first two days of admission (albumin group, n = 1,128) and the other group who did not receive albumin (control group, n = 1,364). To ensure a more accurate comparison, the research employed a one-to-one propensity score matching method, which resulted in 530 matched pairs of patients from each group.

The primary outcome measured was the 28-day mortality rate where the study found no significant difference in mortality between the two groups. 21.7% of patients in the albumin group died within 28 days when compared to 22.8% in the control group. The risk difference was calculated to be -1.1%, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from -6.1% to +3.9% that indicated the variation in mortality rates between the two groups.

The findings suggest that the administration of albumin within two days of admission does not significantly impact mortality during the acute phase in patients with severe burns. This result challenges the notion that albumin administration is a critical factor in reducing short-term mortality in these patients. The outcomes of this study imply that further research, particularly randomized controlled trials, is necessary to confirm these findings and explore the potential benefits of albumin in other aspects of burn management.

Overall, while albumin administration is a common practice in the management of severe burns which may not be associated with improved survival during the acute phase. Therefore, Clinicians may need to reconsider the routine use of albumin in this context and focus on other aspects of burn care that might have a more significant impact on patient outcomes.

Reference:

Nakamura, K., Isogai, T., Ohbe, H., Nakajima, M., Matsui, H., Fushimi, K., & Yasunaga, H. (2024). Effect of fluid resuscitation with albumin on mortality in patients with severe burns: A nationwide inpatient data analysis. In Burns. Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.031

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Ustekinumab Offers Potential in Protecting Beta-Cells for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes, Study Suggests

UK: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase 2 trial of Ustekinumab for adolescents with type 1 diabetes was featured in an article in Nature Medicine.

The study found that ustekinumab, a monoclonal antibody approved for psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease, seems to safely preserve pancreatic beta-cell function in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) by targeting the interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23 pathway.

Type 1 diabetes results from the autoimmune, T-cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Unlike other autoimmune diseases where immunomodulatory therapies are well-established, the primary treatment for Type 1 diabetes for over a century has been insulin replacement. However, this approach often fails to achieve optimal glycemic control, particularly in younger patients. Research has shown that even preserving a small amount of endogenous insulin production after diagnosis can significantly reduce both short- and long-term complications. This underscores the importance of targeting immune pathways involved in the Type 1 diabetes pathogenic process.

In the study conducted by Danijela Tatovic, Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, a report on a phase 2, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ustekinumab in children and adolescents within 100 days of T1D diagnosis (the USTEKID study) was conducted.

The findings of the study highlight the crucial role of a small proinflammatory subset of TH17.1 cells in β-cell destruction and demonstrate that targeting this subset through IL-12/IL-23 inhibition helps preserve C-peptide levels.

The key findings of the study are as follows:

  • A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 72 adolescents aged 12-18 years with recent-onset T1D.
  • After 12 months, β-cell function, measured by stimulated C-peptide, was 49% higher in the intervention group, meeting the prespecified primary outcome.
  • The preservation of C-peptide was correlated with the reduction of T helper cells co-secreting IL-17A and interferon-γ.
  • There was a notable reduction in a subset of TH17.1 cells co-expressing IL-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
  • A significant decrease in β-cell-targeted IL-17A-secreting T cells was observed.
  • These findings suggest that targeting an activated subset of TH17.1 cells in Type 1 diabetes can reduce C-peptide loss with minimal adverse effects, though confirmation in a larger study is needed.

The study concluded that ustekinumab showed a high safety profile and effectively preserved β-cells in children and adolescents with recently diagnosed Type 1 diabetes by targeting the IL-12/IL-23 pathway. This trial provides the first prospective, randomized controlled evidence of the pathogenic role of TH17 cells in Type 1 diabetes, confirming the preliminary findings from the earlier pilot study.

Reference

Tatovic, D., Marwaha, A., Taylor, P., Hanna, S. J., Carter, K., Cheung, W. Y., Luzio, S., Dunseath, G., Hutchings, H. A., Holland, G., Hiles, S., Fegan, G., Williams, E., Yang, J. H., Pollock, E., Wadud, M., Stenson, R., Levings, M. K., Gregory, J. W., . . . Dayan, C. (2024). Ustekinumab for type 1 diabetes in adolescents: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized phase 2 trial. Nature Medicine, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03115-2

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20 minutes of mindful breathing can rapidly reduce intensity of cancer pain, reveals study

Twenty minutes of mindful breathing, which focuses a person’s attention on their breath, can rapidly reduce the intensity and unpleasantness of cancer pain and relieve the associated anxiety, suggest the findings of a small comparative study, published online in the journal BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care.

Mindful breathing complements traditional pain relief and broadens the repertoire of options available for cancer patients, say the researchers.

Moderate to severe pain affects an estimated 30-40% of patients with cancer worldwide, as a result of the tumour compressing or invading surrounding tissues, neuropathic mechanisms, and the side effects of treatment, say the researchers.

Despite advances in pain management, and an evolving range of drugs and nerve blocks, inadequate pain control remains a substantial challenge for clinicians, they add.

Among the array of complementary treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy, massage, acupuncture, and exercise, the value of mindfulness based interventions is increasingly being recognised, say the researchers.

But the research to date on the effectiveness of mindfulness for pain relief has primarily focused on programmes lasting several weeks or just 5-10 minutes, or on people who don’t have cancer.

In light of previously published research indicating that periods longer than 10 minutes might effectively relieve pain, the researchers wanted to find out if a single session of mindfulness breathing lasting 20 minutes might do the same for patients with cancer.

To find out, they randomly assigned 40 inpatients (out of 259 approached) with different types of cancer, and a pain score of 4 or more out of 10, indicating moderate to severe pain, to one of two groups.

One group (21 people) did a mindful breathing session, guided by a doctor who had been trained in mindfulness techniques. The session involved a brief explanation of mindfulness concepts and practices, followed by 20 minutes of mindful breathing.

The session consisted of 4 steps, each lasting 5 minutes: identifying the in-breath and out-breath; following the entire length of the breath; bringing the mind back to the body; and relaxing the body, starting with the head all the way down to the feet.

The other group (19 people) received a 20-minute supportive listening session led by a doctor, during which they were asked about their experiences of illness using semi-structured questions.

Before and after each intervention, the intensity and unpleasantness of every patient’s pain was measured using the validated Numeric Rating Scale (0-10), while the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), consisting of 14 items rated on a 4-point scale, was used to assess their mood.

Background information and pertinent clinical data, such as cancer types and stages, and use of pain relief, including morphine, were retrieved from the hospital’s medical records.

The patients’ average age was 63, and although various cancer types were represented among them, 1 in 3 had bowel cancer. Twenty nine had stage III or IV disease. Nearly two-thirds (65%) were using opioids to control their pain.

The results showed that the mindful breathing group experienced a much greater (and significant) reduction in pain intensity and pain unpleasantness than the comparison group. They also experienced a much greater reduction in HADS score.

The researchers acknowledge the relatively small size of the study, and the fact that it was carried out at one medical centre only. The nature of pain intensity/unpleasantness and psychological outcomes were also subjectively assessed.

But patients with cancer often face practical constraints, so brief mindfulness interventions that can quickly reduce pain and complement traditional pharmacological approaches are worth exploring, they suggest.

“Additionally, the 100% response rate and the absence of adverse events underscore the feasibility and safety of the 20-minute mindful breathing intervention. The intervention can be quickly learnt and applied with beneficial effect,” they add.

“The findings suggest that this brief intervention holds promise in reducing pain intensity and unpleasantness, as well as alleviating anxiety among patients with cancer. While further research is needed to consolidate these findings, the study contributes valuable insights into a feasible and accessible non-pharmacological approach to enhance pain management in cancer care,” they conclude.

Reference:

Mindful breathing for cancer pain: efficacy of a single 20-minute session – a randomised controlled study, BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care (2024). DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004762

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Mother’s gut microbiome during pregnancy shapes baby’s brain development, reports study

A study in mice has found that the bacteria Bifidobacterium breve in the mother’s gut during pregnancy supports healthy brain development in the fetus.

Researchers have compared the development of the fetal brain in mice whose mothers had no bacteria in their gut, to those whose mothers were given Bifidobacterium breve orally during pregnancy, but had no other bacteria in their gut.

Nutrient transport to the brain increased in fetuses of mothers given Bifidobacterium breve, and beneficial changes were also seen in other cell processes relating to growth.

Bifidobacterium breve is a ‘good bacteria’ that occurs naturally in our gut, and is available as a supplement in probiotic drinks and tablets.

Obesity or chronic stress can alter the gut microbiome of pregnant women, often resulting in fetal growth abnormalities. The babies of up to 10% of first-time mothers have low birth weight or fetal growth restriction. If a baby hasn’t grown properly in the womb, there is an increased risk of conditions like cerebral palsy in infants and anxiety, depression, autism, and schizophrenia in later life.

These results suggest that improving fetal development – specifically fetal brain metabolism – by taking Bifidobacterium breve supplements while pregnant may support the development of a healthy baby.

The results are published today in the journal Molecular Metabolism.

“Our study suggests that by providing ‘good bacteria’ to the mother we could improve the growth and development of her baby while she’s pregnant,” said Dr Jorge Lopez-Tello, a researcher in the University of Cambridge’s Centre for Trophoblast Research, first author of the report.

He added: “This means future treatments for fetal growth restriction could potentially focus on altering the gut microbiome through probiotics, rather than offering pharmaceutical treatments – with the risk of side effects – to pregnant women.”

“The design of therapies for fetal growth restriction are focused on improving blood flow pathways in the mother, but our results suggest we’ve been thinking about this the wrong way – perhaps we should be more focused on improving maternal gut health,” said Professor Amanda Sferruzzi-Perri, a researcher in the University of Cambridge’s Centre for Trophoblast Research and senior author of the report, who is also a Fellow of St John’s College, Cambridge.

She added: “We know that good gut health – determined by the types of microbes in the gut – helps the body to absorb nutrients and protect against infections and diseases.”

The study was carried out in mice, which allowed the effects of Bifidobacterium breve to be assessed in a way that would not be possible in humans – the researchers could precisely control the genetics, other microorganisms and the environment of the mice. But they say the effects they measured are likely to be similar in humans.

They now plan further work to monitor the brain development of the offspring after birth, and to understand how Bifidobacterium breve interacts with the other gut bacteria present in natural situations.

Previous work by the same team found that treating pregnant mice with Bifidobacterium breve improves the structure and function of the placenta. This also enables a better supply of glucose and other nutrients to the developing fetus and improves fetal growth.

“Although further research is needed to understand how these effects translate to humans, this exciting discovery may pave the way for future clinical studies that explore the critical role of the maternal microbiome in supporting healthy brain development before birth,” said Professor Lindsay Hall at the University of Birmingham, who was also involved in the research.

While it is well known that the health of a pregnant mother is important for a healthy baby, the effect of her gut bacteria on the baby’s development has received little attention.

Reference:

Jorge Lopez-Tello, Raymond Kiu, Zoe Schofield, Cindy X.W. Zhang, Douwe van Sinderen, Gwénaëlle Le Gall, Lindsay J. Hall, Amanda N. Sferruzzi-Perri, Maternal gut Bifidobacterium breve modifies fetal brain metabolism in germ-free mice, Molecular Metabolism, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102004.

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Nipocalimab Delays or Prevents Fetal Anemia and Intrauterine Transfusions in High-Risk HDFN Pregnancies: NEJM

USA: A recent phase 2 study has revealed that nipocalimab, an investigational treatment, demonstrates significant benefits in managing early-onset severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). The study could transform the approach to treating pregnancies at high risk for this severe condition, offering hope for improved outcomes.

The researchers found that nipocalimab treatment either delayed or prevented fetal anemia and the need for intrauterine transfusions in pregnancies at high risk for early-onset severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, compared to historical benchmarks. The findings were published online in The New England Journal of Medicine.

In early-onset severe HDFN, a condition where the mother’s immune system attacks the fetus’s red blood cells, the transplacental transfer of maternal antierythrocyte IgG alloantibodies results in fetal anemia. This often necessitates high-risk intrauterine transfusions to prevent fetal hydrops and potential fetal death. Traditionally, managing this condition has been challenging, and treatment options have been limited. Nipocalimab, an anti-neonatal Fc receptor blocker, reduces the transfer of IgG across the placenta and decreases maternal IgG levels.

Against the above background, Kenneth J. Moise, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, and colleagues evaluated the administration of intravenous nipocalimab (30 or 45 mg per kilogram of body weight per week) from 14 to 35 weeks gestation in participants with pregnancies at high risk for recurrent early-onset severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in an international, open-label, single-group, phase 2 study.

The primary endpoint was a live birth at 32 weeks gestation or later without requiring intrauterine transfusions, evaluated against a historical benchmark where the rate was 0%. A clinically significant difference was set at 10%.

The study led to the following findings:

  • Live birth at 32 weeks gestation or later without intrauterine transfusions occurred in 54% of pregnancies in the study.
  • No cases of fetal hydrops occurred, and 46% of participants did not receive any antenatal or neonatal transfusions.
  • Six fetuses received an intrauterine transfusion: five fetuses at 24 weeks gestation or later and one fetus before a fetal loss at 22 weeks and five days gestation. Live births occurred in 12 pregnancies.
  • The median gestational age at delivery was 36 weeks and four days.
  • Of the 12 live-born infants, 1 received one exchange transfusion and one simple transfusion, and 5 received only simple transfusions.
  • Treatment-related decreases in the alloantibody titer and IgG level were observed in maternal samples and cord blood.
  • There were no unusual maternal or pediatric infections.
  • Serious adverse events were consistent with HDFN, pregnancy, or prematurity.

“Nipocalimab offers a promising new approach to managing early-onset severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. Its potential to delay or prevent severe complications represents a significant advancement in prenatal care, offering hope for better outcomes in high-risk pregnancies,” the researchers concluded.

Reference:

Moise, Jr, K. J., et al. (2024) Nipocalimab in Early-Onset Severe Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn. New England Journal of Medicine. doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2314466.

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Frequent and Severe COPD Exacerbations Linked to Higher Risks of Myocardial Infarction and Pulmonary Embolism: Study

Sweden: A recent study into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has unveiled a troubling correlation between the frequency and severity of acute exacerbations and an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The research, conducted on a large real-life cohort of COPD patients, underscores the critical need for proactive management of exacerbations to mitigate the risks of these serious cardiovascular events.

The study, published in the CHEST journal, revealed that acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPDs) substantially increase the risk of MI and PE. The risk increases with both the frequency and severity of these exacerbations.

“Patients who experience two or more severe AECOPDs face nearly 1.8 times the risk of MI and more than 2.6 times the risk of PE compared to those without exacerbations. These heightened risks are particularly significant within the first year of follow-up,” the researchers reported.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, often exacerbated by factors such as infections, environmental pollutants, and other triggers. These exacerbations can significantly impact a patient’s health, leading not only to worsening pulmonary function but also to a heightened risk of severe complications. It is unclear whether a history of exacerbations is differently linked to the future risk of MI or PE.

To fill this knowledge gap, Oskar Wallström, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, and colleagues determined if the number and severity of AECOPDs are associated with increased risk of MI or PE in a real-life cohort of patients with COPD.

For this purpose, they analyzed a cohort of 66,422 patients aged 30 and older with a primary diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from the Swedish National Airway Register, covering the period from January 2014 to June 2022. All patients had complete lung function data. They were categorized based on exacerbation severity: moderate exacerbations were defined by the prescription of oral corticosteroids, while severe exacerbations were marked by hospitalization in the year leading up to the index date.

The cohort was monitored until December 2022 for occurrences of hospitalization or death due to myocardial infarction (MI) or pulmonary embolism (PE), resulting in over 265,000 patient-years of follow-up and a maximum follow-up period of 9 years. To assess the risk, we utilized competing-risk regression models based on Fine-Gray to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs).

The study led to the following findings:

  • Compared with no AECOPDs in the baseline period, AECOPD number and severity were associated with increased long-term risk of both MI and PE in a gradual fashion, ranging from an SHR of 1.10 and 1.33, respectively, for one moderate exacerbation, to 1.82 and 2.62, for two or more severe exacerbations.
  • In a time-restricted follow-up sensitivity analysis, the associations were stronger during the first year of follow-up and diminished over time.

“The risk of myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism increases with the frequency and severity of AECOPD in this large real-life cohort of patients with COPD,” the researchers conclude.

Reference:

Wallström O, Stridsman C, Lindberg A, Nyberg F, Vanfleteren LEGW. Exacerbation history and risk of myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest. 2024 Jul 31:S0012-3692(24)04880-3. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2024.07.150. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39094732.

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MAMC MBBS Admissions 2024: Check list of required documents

Delhi- Through a
recent notice, the Maulana Azad Medical College (MAMC), Delhi released Instructions and a List of required Documents for the information of MBBS Candidates and their Parents.

As per the notice, the admission process will be done only if all the documents are furnished. The institution will be unable to admit the candidate in case of incomplete documents.

All the concerned candidates seeking MBBS Admissions in Maulana Azad Medical College (MAMC), Delhi are advised to take note of the following Instructions: –

Instructions
for the Candidates & Their Parents

• Parents will be seated in the Auditorium and await
instructions of the Academic Branch in the matter of admission of their ward.

The
candidate is required to:

• Download the Allotment Letter from the MCC Website, if he
has been allotted MAMC, before coming to MAMC for admission.

• Register online on the FMS, DU Website.

• After registering on the website, a print out of the same
may be taken by the candidate which is to be furnished at the time of reporting
for admission in MAMC.

The candidate will be called & escorted to the Admission
Desk according to their turn

• A copy of the Allotment Letter of MCC along with a copy of
the proof of registration with FMS, DU is required for admission.

• Collect the file from the concerned official. This file is
to be filled up to facilitate the admission process.

• The documents are to be furnished to the Admission Team as
follows:

One original set and two sets of self-attested photocopies of the
above documents. The admission process will be done only if all the documents
are furnished. The institution will be unable to admit the child in case of incomplete
documents.

Also Read:Gujarat begins NEET 2024 Round 1 Counselling, 8,184 MBBS, BDS Seats Up For Grabs

The
following Documents are required to submit by the student at the time of
Admission (One original set and 2 sets of a Photocopy):

1. Printout of Registration Form of Faculty of Medical
Sciences, University of Delhi for (MBBS) Course-2024.

2. Allotment Letter issued by Medical Counselling Committee
(MCC), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India.

3. Admit Card of NEET-UG-2024.

4. Score Card of NEET–UG-2024.

5. Copy of Aadhar Card.

6. Matriculation Certificate for verification of Date of
Birth.

7. 11th Class Marksheet.

8. (10+2) Class Marksheet & Certificate.

9. Character Certificate in Proforma as prescribed by CBSE,
issued by the principal of the school last attended or any Gazetted Officer
(issued on or after 01.04.2024)

10. Certificate from Principal of the School on prescribed
proforma available at faculty website www.fmsc.ac.in (For 85% Delhi Quota).

11. Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe certificate as described
in Section B, clause 1A, if applicable.

12. Father’s Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe Certificate.

13. Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Certificate, if
applicable

14. Entitlement Certificate for C.W. category as described
in Section-B Clause E, if applicable.

15. OBC certificate as described in Section-B clause-B, if
applicable (Two Copies).

16. The Non-Creamy Layer Certificate shall be for the
Financial Year 2024-2025, issued on or after 01.04.2024 and OBC caste
Certificate as per the Central list for OBC’s. (Two Copies).

17. Parents’ Income Certificate/Form-16 (For OBC Candidate).

18. Affidavit in stamp paper of Rs. 10/- if there is a gap
of six months or more from the last College/School Attended.

19. Two (02) Passport Size Colour Photographs.

20. Surety Bond of Rs. 3 Lakhs along with copies of Aadhar
Card of two sureties on a Non-Judicial Stamp Paper of Rs. 100/- (Rupees One
Hundred Only, Duly Attested by Notary Public). The Proforma is available on
website.

21. Anti Raging Affidavit submitted through online Both from
the student and parents. Website for submission affidavit are: http//www.amanmovement.org/.
https://antiragging.in/

Also Read:Seeking MBBS, BDS, MD, MS, MDS, Nursing Admissions 2024 in Puducherry! Here is complete fee structure

To view the Instructions and Documents click the link below

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Betrayal of Medical Profession principles! HC denies relief to Doctor accused of running gender determination racket

Chandigarh: Terming ‘female infanticide’ as a deeply disturbing issue, the Punjab and Haryana High Court recently dismissed a plea filed by a doctor from Haryana’s Hisar seeking the concession of anticipatory bail in a case booked against him under the provisions of the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act and IPC. 

As per the Tribune report, Justice Kaul asserted the petitioner was facing serious allegations of operating a widespread illegal sex determination racket in the states of Punjab and Haryana using a portable ultrasound machine in undisclosed locations. Customers were allegedly blindfolded before being taken to the locations to avoid detection. The petitioner was also involved in seven other criminal cases, five of which involved similar offences under the PCPNDT Act.

While considering the plea, the HC bench of Justice Manjari Nehru Kaul termed the involvement of unethical medical practitioners in facilitating the extermination of the female foetus through sex determination tests as “reprehensive”.

The bench further asserted that such actions represent a profound betrayal of the very principles of the medical profession. 

Also Read: Registration of hospitals can’t be cancelled under PC PNDT Act unless appropriate authority deems it necessary in public interest: SC

As per the latest media report by The Tribune, the petitioner doctor was booked under the provisions of the PCPNDT Act back in October 2023 at the Barwala Police Station in Hisar district. Referring to the ‘deeply disturbing’ issue of female infanticide, the HC bench observed,

“An alarming aspect is the involvement of unethical medical practitioners who in violation of the Hippocratic oath covertly conduct sex determination tests, thus, enabling this grave crime.”

Referring to the practice of some doctors, who clandestinely perform the sex determination test, against their ethical commitments and principles of medical practice, the Court noted,

“The Hippocratic oath demands that doctors protect life and cause no harm. However, some of these practitioners motivated by greed, become complicit in the extermination of female foetuses. The involvement of unethical medical practitioners in facilitating this practice through clandestine sex determination test is particularly reprehensible, as it represents the betrayal of the very principles of the medical profession.”

Law Trend has reported that the petitioner doctor was facing multiple criminal cases for allegedly conducting gender determination tests using portable ultrasound machines at undisclosed locations. As per the prosecutors, the clients were blindfolded en route to these locations to keep these sites a secret.

Even though the doctor participated in the investigation since December 2023, the counsel for the State contended that the doctor had been uncooperative, failing to surrender the laptop and ultrasound machine used in the tests. Referring to his repeated lack of cooperation, the State counsel insisted on the need to detain him for further interrogation.

While considering the matter, the HC bench rejected the defence claims that the FIRs under the PC & PNDT Act were inadmissible, emphasising the betrayal of medical ethics and principles by some doctors driven by greed, thereby participating in the destruction of the female fetuses.

Also Read: Violation of PC PNDT Act: Licence of three ultrasound centres suspended, show cause notice issued

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PG Medicos can appear in final exams without HoD’s approval on dissertation: NMC clarifies on mandatory thesis requirement

New Delhi: Issuing clarification regarding the mandatory requirement of dissertation/thesis submission to appear in the final postgraduate medical examination, the Postgraduate Medical Education Board (PGMEB) of the National Medical Commission (NMC) has mentioned that the students will not be barred from appearing in the exam if they fail to obtain the approval of dissertation/thesis from the HoD.

Writing to the Vice Chancellors of Health Science Universities in India and the Deans/Principals of the Medical Colleges/Institutions in India, the Commission further added that the dissertation now accounts for 5% of the total marks in the clinical/practical and viva voce components, meaning 20 marks out of the total marks allocated for these components are reserved for the dissertation.

The Apex Medical Commission issued the clarification after taking note of the concerns raised regarding the mandatory submission of the dissertation/thesis as a prerequisite for appearing in the final examination for the PG Broad Speciality batch of 2021.

Earlier, the PG Board of NMC through its public notice dated 13th June 2024 had previously informed all the concerned medical colleges/institutions about the requirement to complete the final examination by 31st December 2024.

An online meeting was held on 31st July 2024 with representatives from various health universities. Referring to this, the NMC PG Board stated “In an online meeting held on 31st July 2024 with representatives from various health universities, concerns were raised regarding the mandatory submission of the dissertation/thesis as a prerequisite for appearing in the final examination for the PG Broad Specialty batch of 2021. It was clarified during this meeting that as the agenda of the meeting was on the scheduling of examinations, therefore, issue of the thesis may be decided according to the provisions of PGMER-2023. Subsequently, the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik, in a letter dated 01-08-2024 and other stakeholders have sought clarification on this matter.”

The PG Board also referred to the Post Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 2023 (PGMER-23), published in the Official Gazette on 1st January 2024 and mentioned that a public notice provided “point-wise clarification in the form of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) via No. N-106911/2/2023-PGMEB-NMC dated 10th April 2024, specifically addressing the examination of dissertations and the process for the viva voce examination…”

Regulation 5.2 (iii) of the Post Graduate Medical Education Regulations 2023 provides that all broad speciality and super speciality students will do thesis related research and will write thesis.

Similarly, NMC PGMEB also referred to relevant provision regarding dissertation/thesis as contained in Regulation 8.4 of the Post Graduate Medical Education Regulations 2023, stating “Five per cent of mark of total marks of Clinical/Practical and Viva Voce marks (20 marks) will be of dissertation/thesis and it will be part of clinical/practical examination marks. External examiner outside the state will evaluate dissertation/ thesis and take viva voce on it and marks will be given on quality of dissertation/thesis and performance on its viva voce.”

Clarifying that students will not be barred from appearing on the exam without approval of HoD regarding the dissertation, the Apex Medical Commission added, “Therefore, student will submit the dissertation to the University through HoD and Dean of the Medical College. The student cannot be prevented from appearing in the examination if he has not obtained the approval of dissertation/thesis from the HoD. The dissertation now accounts for 5% of the total marks in the clinical/practical and viva voce components, meaning 20 marks out of the total marks allocated for these components are reserved for the dissertation. This change in the guidelines will help in the quality of thesis related research work.”

“This clarification is being disseminated to all concerned, including postgraduate students, to avoid any confusion,” the Commission added.

To view the notice, click on the link below:

https://medicaldialogues.in/pdf_upload/pgmeb-thesis-250183.pdf

Also Read: NBE Extends Thesis Submission Deadline for Post MBBS DNB Broad Specialty 2021 Session

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Drug Alert: CDSCO Flags 57 Formulations As Not Of Standard Quality

New Delhi: In its latest drug safety alert, the apex drug regulatory body, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), has flagged 57 medicine batches for failing to qualify for a random drug sample test for July 2024.

The list of drugs declared not of standard quality includes Ivermectin Tablets manufactured by Duncan Healthcare, Itraconazole manufactured by Bonsai Pharma, Amoxycillin and Potassium Clavulanate Tablets IP (Pressclav625) manufactured by Aurobindo Pharma, Pantoprazole Tablets manufactured by Bonsai Pharma, Propylene Glycol manufactured by Manali Petrochemicals, and others.

Budesonide Nebuliser Suspension BP (Budecort Respules) and Tamsulosin, Dutasteride Tablets (Urimax-D) manufactured by Cipla are also on the ‘Not of Standard Quality’ list.

Several factors contributed to the drug samples’ failure in the test, such as non-compliance with the IP requirements for the particular drug, failure of the dissolution test, pH, and some assays of the drug test, among others.

The samples collected were tested in five laboratories, namely CDL Kolkata, CDTL Mumbai, CDTL Hyderabad , RDTL Guwahati and RDTL Chandigarh.

NOT OF STANDARD QUALITY ALERT FOR THE MONTH OF JULY 2024.

A. CDSCO/Central Laboratories

S.No

Product/Drug Name

Batch No.

Manufactu ring Date

Expiry Date

Manufactured By

NSQ

Result

Reported by CDSCO

Laboratory

1.

Ivermectin Tablets I.P. 6 mg

JDJS403

04/2024

03/2026

M/s. J. DUNCAN HEALTH CARE PVT.LTD., Plot No. 65, 66, 67, Phase-II,

Atgaon, Industrial Complex, Atgaon, Tal- Shahapur, Dist-Thane- 421601, Maharashtra State, India.

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

2.

Itraconazole 100mg Capsules (FUNGOBEE

Capsules)

MAR-24154

03/2024

02/2026

M/s. Bonsai Pharma, Kishanpura, Baddi- Nalagarh Road, P.O. Gurumajra, Distt-Solan

(H.P.).

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

3.

Compound Sodium Lactate Injection I.P. (Ringer Lactate Solution for

Injection) (Hi- Ring-RL)

F31823

10/2023

09/2026

M/s. Higgs Healthcare, Khasra No. 480/1, Bhatolikalan, Baddi, H.P.

Assay of Potassium

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

4.

Pantoprazole Tablets 40 mg I.P. (MEDIPANTO-

FEB24144

02/2024

01/2026

M/s. Bonsai Pharma, Kishanpura, Baddi- Nalagarh Road, P.O. Gurumajra, Distt-Solan

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

40 Tablets)

(H.P.).

5.

Propylene Glycol IP

PG-IP/2023- 24/2435

01/2024

12/2028

M/s. Manali Petrochemicals Limited, Plant II Sathangadu Village, Manali, Chennai- 600068

Relative Density and Water

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

6.

Itraconazole Capsules BP 100 mg

UC-23240A

10/2023

09/2025

M/s. Ultra Drugs Pvt. Ltd., (Unit-II) H

S No. 211, K. No. 77/1,

78/1, Vill. Katha,

Baddi, Distt. Solan, (H.P.) 173205.

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

7.

Sterile Noradrenaline Concentrate I.P.

KP247236

07/2023

06/2025

M/s. NEON LABORATORIES

LTD., At: Shatisthal, Plot No. 1-5, At & Post: Shirgaon, Tal. Palghar, Dist. Thane – 401 407, M.S.

Description & Particulate Matter

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

8.

Paracetamol Tablets IP 650 mg

2600823

02/2023

01/2026

M/s. Karnataka Antibiotics and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Plot No. 14, II Phase,

Peenya, Bengaluru- 560058

Description

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

9.

Ofloxacin and Ornidazole Tablets I.P.

6001723

06/2023

05/2026

M/s. Karnataka Antibiotics and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Plot No. 14, II Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bengaluru-

560058

Description

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

10.

Carbamazepin

e Extended-

TCRN-004

10/2023

09/2025

M/s. J.P. Industries,

Bhud, Baddi, Dist-

Dissolution

Central Drugs

Laboratory, Kolkata

Release Tablets IP 200 mg

Solan, HP, India.

11.

Teneligliptin & Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release Tablets IP (20

mg / 500 mg)

ST23-2897

10/2023

09/2025

M/s. Salud Care (I) Pvt. Ltd., 435, Kishanpur, Roorkee- 247661

Description & Assay of Teneligliptin Hydrobromid e Hydrate

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

12.

Calcium Aspartate, Calcium Orotate, Calcitriol, Minerals and Vitamins

Tablets (Ezorb Forte Tablets)

EZF-1873

01/2024

06/2026

M/s. Overseas Health Care Pvt. Ltd., 335 Km. Milestone, National Highway No. 1, P.O. Box No. 25,

Phillaur-144 410 (Pb).

Assay of Clacitriol

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

13.

Budesonide Nebuliser Suspension BP (Budecort Respules)

SN30395

04/2023

03/2025

M/s. Cipla Ltd. (Unit-II), Taza Block, Rorathang, Sikkim 737133, India.

Assay of Budesonide

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

14.

Propylene Glycol IP

PG-IP/2023- 24/2339

11/2023

10/2028

M/s. Manali Petrochemicals Limited, Plant II Sathangadu Village, Manali, Chennai-

600068

Relative Density

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

15.

Ceftriaxone Sodium for Injection IP 1gm / 10 ml

S24015

02/2024

01/2026

M/s. Sai Parenterals Limited, Plot No.: 45A & B, Anrich Industrial Estate, IDA Bollaram,

Clarity of solution, Particulate Matter &

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

Sangareddy (Dist)- 502325, Telangana

Appearance of solution

16.

Calcium Carbonate, Calcitriol, Methylcobalam in, Folic Acid & Vitamin B6 Soft Gelatin Capsules (CAMED-CM)

DBIS-8889B

01/2024

12/2025

M/s. Broad Injectables Plot No. 51-52, Ind.

Area, Tahliwal, Distt. Una-174301 (H.P.)

Disintegration & Assay of Calcitriol, Vitamin B6 & Methylcobala min

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

17.

Monopropylen e Glycol USP

9815216014

01/2024

01/2026

M/s. Shell Eastern Chemicals (S) Seraya Manufacturing Site, Singapore

Specific Gravity

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

18.

Monopropylen e Glycol USP

9815617014

01/2024

01/2026

M/s. Shell Eastern Chemicals (S) Seraya

Manufacturing Site, Singapore

Water & Specific Gravity

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

19.

Monopropylen e Glycol USP

9814815014

01/2024

01/2026

M/s. Shell Eastern Chemicals , Metropolis Tower, 1, 9 North

Buona Vista Drive 07 01, Singapore-138588

Water

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

20.

Monopropylen e Glycol USP

9729323113

11/2023

11/2025

M/s. Shell Eastern Chemicals (S) Seraya

Manufacturing Site, Singapore

Water & Specific Gravity

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

21.

Sterile Noradrenaline Concentrate IP (ADRAID)

DP4095

03/2024

02/2026

M/s. Divine Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Block No. 471, Dabhasa, Tal. Padra,

Dist. Vadodara- 391440, India

Description & Particulate Matter

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

22.

Compound Sodium Lactate Injection I.P. (Ringers Lactate I.P.) RL

03BF2450

03/2024

02/2027

M/s. Paschim Banga Pharmaceuticals (A Unit of Farista Vanijya Pvt. Ltd), NH-31, Tin Mile Hat, Sonapur Hat,

P.S. Chopra, Dist. Uttar Dinajpur-733214 (W.B.).

Sterility

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

23.

Oxalobacter, Lactobacillus & Bifidobacteriu m with FOS

Capsules (OXASPUR)

RHCE23001

05/2023

10/2024

M/s. Swift Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., D- 1, Sara Industrial Estate, Rampur,

Dehradun (UK) 248197

Assay of Oxalobacter Species & Bifidobacteriu m Bifidum

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

24.

Tamsulosin and Dutasteride Tablets (Urimax-D)

GH30334

05/2023

04/2025

M/s. Cipla Ltd., Verna Indl. State, Goa- 403722

Identification and Assay of Tamsulosin Hydrochloride

, Dutasteride and Description.

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

25.

Azithromycin Tablets IP 500 mg (Aziley-500 Tablets)

NZYMT-223

09/2023

08/2025

M/s. M Sea Pharmaceuticals (P) Ltd., Surajpur, Paonta Sahib, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh – 173001.

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

26.

Azithromycin Tablets IP 500

mg (ZIK 500

Tablets)

NZKT-013

08/2023

07/2025

M/s. M Sea Pharmaceuticals (P) Ltd., Surajpur, Paonta Sahib, Sirmour,

Himachal Pradesh – 173025.

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

27.

Compound Sodium Lactate Injection I.P. (RL FFS 500 ML)

03BF1734

08/2022

07/2025

M/s. Paschim Banga Pharmaceuticals (A Unit of Farista Vanijya Pvt. Ltd), NH-31, Tin Mile Hat, Sonapur Hat,

P.S. Chopra, Dist. Uttar Dinajpur-733214 (W.B.).

Bacterial endotoxins

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

28.

Calcium Gluconate Injection I.P.

10 ml

CLG-4148

12/2022

11/2024

M/s. Priya Pharmaceuticals, 109/397, Nehru Nagar,

Kanpur-12

Assay of Calcium

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

29.

Ceflxime Tablets IP (Zimspor-200)

MBT-03023

05/2023

04/2025

M/s. Mestra Pharma Pvt. Ltd., AT: 44-45,

Shiv Ganga Industrial Estate, Lakeshwari, Bhagwanpur Roorkee, Haridwar (UK)

Water & Uniformity of Dispersion

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

30.

Dextrose and Ascorbic Acid with Zinc Powder (Vz- Plus)

VZ224015

04/2024

03/2026

M/s. Styrun Healthcare, Survey No.89, Pirana Road, At & Post: ODD, Ta,

Daskroi, Ahmedabad- 382425, Gujrat, India.

Water

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

31.

Ciprofloxacin Tablets I.P. 500 mg (Ocif-

500 Tablets)

OCF5-23-222

07/2023

06/2025

M/s. Ornate Labs Pvt. Ltd., Bela Industrial Estate, Muzaffarpur –

842 005.

Dissolution

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

32.

Ofloxacin & Ornidazole

Tablets IP (Samri-OZ)

UGT23J14A

01/2023

12/2024

M/s. Unigrow Pharmaceuticals, Vill. Katha, Baddi, Distt.

Solan, HP

Dissolution & Assay

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

33.

Synetivit Capsules (Omega-3

LSG-2890

07/2023

12/2024

M/s. Lifevision Healthcare, Plot No. 140-141, EPIP, Phase-

Disintegration

, Assay of Lactic Acid

Central Drugs Laboratory, Kolkata

Fatty Acid, Green Tea Extract, Ginkgo Biloba, Ginseng, Grape Seeds Extract, Vitamins, Minerals & Trace Elements Soft

Gelatin Capsules)

1, Jharmajri, Baddi, Distt. Solan (H.P.) 174103

Bacillus, Vitamin B6, Folic Acid & Niacinamide

34.

Lingocaine & Adrenaline Injection IP (Lignocop- ADR)

305

12/2023

11/2025

Carewin Pharmaceuticals (Guj) Pvt. Ltd., 38, Saket Ind. Estate-II Sarkhej- Bavla NH-8A, PO.

Moraiya, Ahmedabad, (Guj.) Pin-382210

Assay of Adrenaline

CDTL-Mumbai

35.

Acetylsalicylic Acid 75mg (Kardiorin AK)

JTN23-211

07/2023

06/2026

AK Krishna Pharma Ltd. Ltd., Plot No. 68, 69 & 82, 83 Sector-6A, SIDCUL, IIE, Dist.

Haridwar, Uttarakhand, india.

Test for Salicylic acid, Assay of Aspirin and Description

CDTL-Mumbai

36.

Levetiracetam Tablets IP (Levodil-500)

GAG0628

08/2023

07/2025

Agron Remedies Pvt. Ltd., Sarverkhera, Moradabad Road,

Kashipur-244713, Uttarakhand

Dissolution

CDTL-Mumbai

37.

Diclofenac Tablets IP 50mg (Snedic-

50)

T24B008

02/2024

01/2027

Snehal Pharma & Surgicals Pvt. Ltd., B1/11, MIDC Butibori,

Nagpur-441108

Misbranded (Improper labeling)

CDTL-Mumbai

38.

Amoxycillin and Potassium Clavulanate Tablets IP (Pressclav- 625)

CT5023001A

09/2023

08/2025

Aurobindo Pharma Limited, Unit XII, Survey No. 314, Bachupally, Bachupally Mandal, Medchal-Malkajgiri

District. Telangana State, india – 500090.

Description

CDTL-Mumbai

39.

ONDANSETR ON ORALLY DISINTEGRAT ING TABLETS

IP 4mg

T-15842

12/2023

11/2025

M/s. KARNANI PHARMACEUTICALS PVT. LTD.

Fact : 38, Pharma City, Selaqui, Dehradun- 248011 (Uttarakhand)

Description and Uniformity of Content

CDTL, Hyderabad

40.

ONDANSETR ON ORALLY DISINTEGRAT ING TABLETS

IP 4mg

T-15961

01/2024

12/2025

M/s. KARNANI PHARMACEUTICALS PVT. LTD.

Fact : 38, Pharma City, Selaqui, Dehradun- 248011 (Uttarakhand)

Description and Uniformity of Content

CDTL, Hyderabad

41.

Calcium 500 mg with Vitamin D3 250 IU Tablets IP

LMT240376

03/2024

02/2026

Life Max Cancer Laboratories, Plot No. 106 & 106 A, Sector- 6A, IIE, SIDCUL,

Haridwar 249403 (U.K)

Dissolution of Calcium & Assay of Vitamin D3

RDTL, Guwahati

42.

Albendazole Tablets IP 400 mg (Zento 400)

VGT230119

05/2023

04/2026

VAPI CARE PHARMA PVT. LTD., PLOT NO.225/3, NEAR MORARJI CIRCLE, GIDC VAPI, DIST.VALSAD-396195

GUJARAT

Dissolution of Albendazole

RDTL, Guwahati

43.

COMPOUND SODIUM LACTATE

03BF2462

03/2024

02/2027

PASCHIM BANGA PHARMACEUTICAL, NH-31, TIN MILE HAT,

Sterility

RDTL, Guwahati

INJECTION

I.P. (RL)

SONAPUR HAT, P.S.- CHOPRA, DIST :

UTTAR DINAJPUR, PIN – 733214 (W.B.)

44.

Calcium 500 mg. with Vitamin D3 250 IU Tablets IP

LMT240412

04/2024

03/2026

Life Max Cancer Laboratories, Plot No. 106 & 106 A, Sector- 6A, IIE, SIDCUL,

Haridwar249403 (U.K)

Dissolution (Calcium) and Assay of Vitamin D3

RDTL, Guwahati

45.

Paracetamol Tablets IP 500 mg (Pararex- 500

CT-5063

12/2022

11/2025

CHEMETAC PHARMACEUTICALS 42, MAINA PUR, MEERUT ROAD,

GHAZIABAD-201003

“Dissolution” of Paracetamol.

RDTL, Guwahati

46.

Pantoprazole Tablets IP

MT-23K36

11/2023

04/2025

MARTIN & BROWN BIO-SCIENCES PVT. LTD., K.NO. 918/419, MALKUMAJRA, NALAGARH ROAD, BADDI, DIST.SOLAN

(H.P.)-173205

Dissolution at Buffer Stage

RDTL, Guwahati

47.

Calcium 500 mg with Vitamin D3 250 IU Tablets IP

LMT240335

03/2024

02/2026

Life Max Cancer Laboratories, Plot No. 106 & 106 A, Sector- 6A, IIE, SIDCUL,

Haridwar-249403 (U.K)

Dissolution (Calcium) and Assay of Vitamin D3

RDTL, Guwahati

48.

Calcium 500 mg and Vitamin D3 250 IU Tablets

IP

LMT240348

03/2024

02/2026

Life Max Cancer Laboratories, Plot No. 106 & 106 A, Sector- 6A, IIE, SIDCUL,

Haridwar-249403 (U.K)

Dissolution of Calcium and Assay of vitamin D3

RDTL, Guwahati

49.

Amoxycillin & Potassium Claulanate Tablets I.P.

MICTAB- 1602

03/2024

08/2025

Micro Formulations,, Chambaghat, Near Railway Crossing, Solan, Distt. Solan

Dissolution of Clavulanic Acid and also Assay of

RDTL, Guwahati

(Zalmoxi-CV 625)

(H.P.) 173211

Clavulanic Acid

50.

RABEPRAZOL E TABLETS IP

MT-24B23

02/2024

07/2025

MARTIN & BROWN BIO-SCIENCES PVT. LTD., K.NO. 918/419, MALKUMAJRA, NALAGARH ROAD, BADDI, DIST.SOLAN (H.P.)-173205

Assay

RDTL, Guwahati

51.

Tranexamic Acid Injection

IP (Stopmust Injection)

KEI-110C

11/2023

10/2025

Elvia Care Pvt. Ltd., Vill Gullarwala, Near

Sai Road, Baddi, Distt. Solan (H.P.)

Bacterial Endotoxins Test

RDTL, Guwahati

52.

RABEPRAZOL E TABLETS IP

MT-24B26

02/2024

07/2025

MARTIN & BROWN BIO-SCIENCES PVT. LTD., K.NO. 918/419, MALKUMAJRA, NALAGARH ROAD, BADDI, DIST.SOLAN

(H.P.)-173205

Assay/Conte nt of Rabeprazole Sodium

RDTL, Guwahati

53.

Pantoprazole Gastro- Resistant

Tablets IP 40 mg

PGR-02

12/2023

11/2025

Agron Remedies Pvt. Ltd., Sarverkhera, Moradabad Road,

Kashipur-244713 (Uttarakhand)

Dissolution in Acid Stage for Pantoprazole

RDTL, Guwahati

54.

Carboplatin USP

CN24010001

01-Jan-2024

31-Dec-

2028

M/s Hetero Labs Limited (Unit-I), Survey No.10, I.D.A.,

Gaddalotharam, Village: Jinnaram

Mandal, Sangareddy Distt. Telangana, India

Identification by IR, by HPLC and Loss on drying

RDTL,Chandighardh

55.

Pantoprazole for Injection BP (Glanpan

PNDA4C22A

Mar-2024

Feb-2026

Aarge Healthcraft, 12A/1, Sector-2, Indl.

Area, Parwanoo-

Particulate matter

RDTL ,Chandighardh

IV Injection)

173220 (H.P.)

56.

Bromhexine Hydrochloride, Terbutaline Sulphate and Guaiphenesin Syrup (T-KUF Expectorant COUGH SYRUP)

UF2184145C

Feb-2024

Jan-2026

Ultra Drugs Formulations Pvt. Ltd., Plot No. 338/278, Vill. Manakpur, Lodhimajra, Tehsil-Baddi, Distt.

Solan, (H.P.) 173205

Assay of Terbutaline Sulphate

RDTL ,Chandighardh

57.

Compound Sodium Lactate Injection IP (Ringers Lactate

Solution for Injection)

2918

Dec-2022

Nov-2025

M/s. HINDUSTAN ANTIBIOTICS LTD.,

Pimpri,Pune-411018, INDIA

Bacterial Endotoxins

RDTL ,Chandighardh

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